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March 26, 2025
Power over Ethernet or PoE describes any of several standard or ad-hoc systems that transmit power and data over twisted pair Ethernet cabling. This allows a single cable to provide data connectivity and power for devices such as wireless access points, IP cameras, and VoIP phones.
There are several common techniques for transmitting power through Ethernet cabling. Two of them have been standardized by IEEE 802.3 since 2003. These standards are referred to as Alternative A and Alternative B. For 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX, only use two of the four signal pairs in a typical Cat 5 cable. Alternative B separates the data and power wires to make troubleshooting easier. It also fully utilizes all four pairs of twisted pair cables in a typical Cat 5 cable. Positive voltage runs along pins 4 and 5, while negative voltage runs along pins 7 and 8.
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